Flip-flop conversion means adding logic around an available flip-flop so its externally visible state behavior matches another type. Start with the desired next-state equation, then choose the available device's input to produce that equation. The underlying clock and timing behavior still belongs to the physical device.
Worked example
To make a D flip-flop behave like a T flip-flop, use D = Q XOR T. If T = 0, D equals Q and the state holds. If T = 1, D is the inverse of Q and the state toggles at the next active edge.
What to watch for
A state-table conversion does not change an edge-triggered device into a transparent latch. Added feedback logic also creates paths that must meet setup and hold requirements.
Try it yourself
What D input makes a D flip-flop behave like a JK flip-flop?
Answer: D = J(NOT Q) + (NOT K)Q. Checking the four JK combinations yields hold, reset, set and toggle.
How to study this topic
Write the old state, input values and next state in separate columns. Mark the active clock edge or enable interval. This prevents a stored value from being confused with an input that is merely waiting to be captured.
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Digital Electronics