A JK flip-flop holds for J = K = 0, resets for 01, sets for 10, and toggles for 11 at its active clock event. A T flip-flop holds when T = 0 and toggles when T = 1. Toggle means replacing Q with its opposite value.
Worked example
Start a T flip-flop at Q = 0 and hold T = 1. Successive active edges produce Q = 1, 0, 1, 0. For a JK flip-flop, J = 1 and K = 0 makes the next state one regardless of the old state.
What to watch for
These state rules assume a suitable edge-triggered implementation and valid timing. Clock edges, active levels and asynchronous controls must match the actual device.
Try it yourself
With Q = 1, what does a JK flip-flop do for J = K = 1?
Answer: It toggles to Q = 0 at the active clock event.
How to study this topic
Write the old state, input values and next state in separate columns. Mark the active clock edge or enable interval. This prevents a stored value from being confused with an input that is merely waiting to be captured.
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Digital Electronics